X-BASIC Reference Manual

All info taken from: http://ww3.enjoy.ne.jp/~zoomark/ip/ip_menu.html
Each instruction and function of BASIC, is described in the following format.

Statement and function name

Type

Format:

It is the writing of commands and functions.
Items that are highlighted in red bold are data and arguments that are required.
Items enclosed in [] are optional.
… is repetition of similar. It represents input of data and arguments.
(Symbols such as (), {}, [] are reserved words) other characters must be entered exactly as shown.
As a general rule, please put space between the instruction and data name for command or statement. In addition, please do not put space between the left parenthesis enclosing the function name and arguments.

Abbreviation:

It is the writing of commands and functions that can be omitted. It should be noted that arguments, brackets, etc. can not be omitted.

Argument:

Represents what type of argument a function needs as a general rule.
There are four data types. Functions that require more than one type of argument are summarized in parentheses according to each data type.
- int, char, float (numeric type)
- str (character type)
Anything valid is referred to as numeric type as long as it is a numeric type.
In addition, in special cases (in the case of array the dimension must also be stated) the argument variable must be stated as name or array (not constant, expression, etc. and arguments).

Returns:

The type of the written return value for all functions.
int, char, float, str have no return values (including the case where the return value does not exist).

Function:

Explains the meaning of arguments and the function of each instruction and function.

→

Related instructions and syntax references.

Use cases:

Simple sample programs and examples.

ABS

Standard function

Written expressions:	abs(n)
Argument:	float
Return value:	float
Function:	Returns the absolute value of a number n.
Use cases:

APAGE

GRAPH.FNC

Written expressions:	apage(pa)
Argument:	char
Returns:	void
Function:	Specifies the active page pa of the graphic screen (active page to read and write in the graphics screen).
	Page number can be 0-3, the maximum value depends on the actual screen size and color mode of the graphics screen.
	The range of values of the active page pa with actual screen size and color mode of the graphics screen:
	1024 × 1024 (16-color mode) ... 0 512 × 512 (16-color mode) ... 0-3 512 × 512 (256-color mode) ... 0,1 512 × 512 (65536-color mode) ... 0
→	home , screen , Vpage , window
Use cases:

ASC

Standard function

Written expressions:	asc(st)
Argument:	str
Return value:	int
Function:	Returns the character code of the first character of the string st.
	st will return 0 if the character is null.
	Refer to the “character code table” for the correspondence between characters and character codes.
→	CHR $ , “character code table”
Use cases:

ATAN

Standard function

Written formula:	atan(n)
Argument:	float
Return value:	float
Function:	Returns the inverse tangent of the numerical value n (arc tangent).
	Returns the value from -π / 2 to π / 2.
Use cases:

ATOF

Standard function

Written expressions:	atof(st)
Argument:	str
Return value:	float
Function:	Converts the string st to float type number. st is a sequence of characters （+、-、0～9、.、e、E） that can be converted to a float type number. The conversion is not performed if there is a character for which the float value can not be determined.
	The space or tab characters of st at the beginning will be ignored. In addition, there must be at least one or more digits before and after the decimal point. In addition, it must have at least one or more digits behind the e or E for exponential representation.
	st can not be null character.
	The following format of st string can not be converted:
	[Whitespace] [sign] [.digits] [e or E [sign] digits]
Example:	st=“-2.51235e-2”
→	ECVT , fcvt , gcvt

whitespace	Space or tab characters are ignored.
sign	“+” or “-”
digits	Decimal numbers which consist of 1 or more, and don't have anything in front of the decimal point, require at least one number behind the decimal point.
index	Index consists of “e” or “E” and decimal numbers with a sign.

ATOI

Standard function

Written expressions:	atoi(st)
Argument:	str
Return value:	int
Function:	Converts st string to int type number. st is a sequence of characters that can be converted (0~9, +, -) to int type number. The conversion is aborted if there is a character for which the int type value can not be determined.
	Space or tab characters at the begining of st will be ignored. st also requires at least one or more digits.
	st can not be null character.
	st string of the following format can be converted:
	[whitespace] [sign] digits
→	itoa

whitespace	Space or tab characters are ignored.
sign	“+” or “-”
digits	One or more decimal digits.

AUTO

Command

Written expressions:	auto [line number] [incremental]
Abbreviation:	a.
Function:	Automatically genetares line number at the beginning of each program line.
	You can omit the incremental switch but in that case lines will automatically increment by 10
	If a line number overlaps with existing line, the contents of the line will be displayed. In this case you can press return key without typing anything and it will not change the contents of the line.
	Press BREAK key (or CTRL+C) to release the auto function. The current program line will not be saved.

For example:
auto	line numbers will begin with 10, 20, 30 (the same as auto 10,10)
auto 100	line numbers will begin with 100, 110, 120
auto ,5	line numbers will begin with 10, 15, 20

A_PLAY

AUDIO.FNC

Written expressions:	a_play(na,sf,md[,lng])
Argument:	Numeric one-dimensional array name (na),char(sf,md,lng)
Return value:	void
Function:	Plays PCM data of specified na array.
	na … Number of one-dimensional array name that contains the PCM data.
	sf … sampling frequency
	0 ... 3.9KHz 1 ... 5.2KHz 2 ... 7.8KHz 3 ... 10.4KHz 4 ... 15.6KHz
	As a general rule, use the same sampling frequency sf for playback and when recording with a_rec function, if you want to play music. The sound will not play normally if other frequencies are used.
	md … audio output mode (audio signal output mode from the audio output terminal of the computer)
	0 ... silence 1 ... left channel 2 ... right channel 3 ... stereo output
	lng … length from 0 index of na array to play
	Values that can be used as lng are from 1 to subscript+1 of the declared na array.
	All PCM data will be played if lng is omitted.
Use cases:

NFG Games + GameSX

Table of Contents

X-BASIC Reference Manual

ABS

APAGE

ASC

ATAN

ATOF

ATOI

AUTO

A_PLAY